An Italian chemist named Amedeo Avogadro, who lived between, 1776 and 1856, came up with a theory that basically said there is a relationship between mole and volume, that as the mole increased, so did the volume. (nick’s lecture notes, 23/3/09)
The official theory is that ‘equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules regardless of their chemical nature and physical properties.’ (kiwi web) This all equals a number and that number, Avogadro’s number is, 6.23 x 10 to the power of 23 however some just say 6 x 10 to the 23. (as seen on my two mole videos) This can also be shown in a mathematically equation which is…
V/n = k
V = volume of the gas.
n = amount of substance of the gas.
k = proportionality constant
Out of this comes the ideal gas constant which is…
(p1-V1)/(T1-n1)= (p2-V2)/(T2-n2)=constant.
p = pressure of gas
T = temperate of gas
I didnt find this site to helpful, i really didnt understand what it was talking about by the end.
Kiwi web, Chemistry and NZ, 'Avogadro’s law - What is it?', viewed 29/3/09, http://www.chemistry.co.nz/avogadro.htm
Boyles law is th relationship between the volume and pressure. So when the pressure increases, the volume decreases. In this clip, it is shown with a simple childrens toy that makes it easy to understand!
Charles' Law is the relationship between volume and temperature. When the temperature increases, so does the volume, this is to accommodate the gases that are moving more rapidly due to the increase of volume.
The heart is nothing more than a pumping system to keep the body alive, human or otherwise. We know that now because of science, we learnt all about it. However back in times before ours, they believed the heart was where emotions came from, that the heart was the centre of the body so to speak. That is one of the reasons why when the Egyptians mummified bodies, the heart was left in as it was needed in the afterlife to live.
Now we know different, it’s the brain that controls emotions, controls the body, where all our knowledge is found. The heart simply pumps blood though the body. From the moment the heart is formed enough to beat, it continues to do it until the day we die. In an average lifespan, the heart beats over two and a half billion times, which is quite amazing for an organ the size of your fist. (The Franklin Institute, 2009)
The heart I made up of four chamber, the left and right atria and the left and right ventricle. Each side of the heart has a valve to stop the blood from filling the chamber it just entered from. (The Franklin Institute, 2009) The aorta artery is attached to the left ventricle chamber, this chamber is the one to contract the most as it has to force the blood out of the chamber, through the aorta and be able to push the blood all the way around the body. At the beginning of the aorta is where you will find the highest amount of pressure. (Adam’s lecture notes, 9/3/09)
As the blood travels the body, it loses the oxygen it has been transporting and picks up Carbon Dioxide. Travelling through the Vena Eava, the deoxygenated blood returns to the heart, entering the right atrium, the chamber contracts and pushes it into the right ventricle where it then is forced into the pulmonary artery. This artery will transport the deoxygenated blood into the lung where it loses the Co2 and picks up o2. Once the blood is full of oxygen once more, it travels through the pulmonary vein and into the left atrium where it is pushed into the left ventricle where the cycle begins. (Adam’s lecture notes, 9/3/09) (The Franklin Institute, 2009)
The Franklin Institute has a great site on the heart that gives you lots of details but not hard to understand detail, I think this would be a great site for high schoolers to visit.
The Franklin Institute, ‘The human heart’, viewed 29/03/09, http://www.fi.edu/learn/heart/index.html
Adam’s Lecture notes, week of the 9/3/09, community based science, Victoria university Footscray park.
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